Can you drop a no contact order in Minnesota? If you asked for it in family court in the first place, it’s civil and you can drop it.
But if it’s in a criminal case, you’ll need to work at it. Here’s how.
No Contact Orders in Criminal Cases
A domestic crime has as an element of the criminal statute, a “domestic relationship,” which is also defined by statute.
Crime with “domestic relationship” element
In domestic crime cases, courts issue a No Contact Order (NCO). It prohibits the accused from having contact with the person cast as “the victim.”
But they’re not consulting the person they’re calling their victim. In fact, the witness they’re casting in the victim role has no real voice in this – at least not today. So he cannot “press charges.” And, she can’t directly “drop the charges.”
So the current system takes the control away from her. And it gives her control to the prosecutor. It’s been that way for decades in Minnesota.
Your Role in the Drama
If you are the accused, forget it. The judge is not going to drop the no contact order for you. No, this article is for the witness – the one forced into the victim role by the prosecutor.
If you are the witness in a domestic assault case, chances are you want to drop a no contact order.
But how? The information here should help you start regaining control over your life – and taking it back from the government.
Does this scenario sound familiar?
You and your other were enjoying some free time together, with adult beverages. After a few drinks, some conflict and less restraint in expressing it.
Somehow, a call went out to the police. And they recorded that 911 call. Tempers flared. And police officers showed up. So they picked someone to arrest, sometimes with help. And in what now seems like no time, it’s over. They’re gone.
And so is your other, who is now in jail. Missing work, could lead to job loss. Bail money. A lawyer. And – No Contact Order.
So in the aftermath, they’ve taken over your life. And they’ve severely damaged it. But the immediate problem is how to drop a no contact order.
How Long Does a Criminal No Contact Order Last?
The pretrial No Contact Order could be in place for months.
And after sentencing, a judge may replace it with a probation “No Contact Order,” for years.
But to know how to drop a no contact order; first you need to understand what it is. So let’s drill down into it.
Conditions of Pretrial Release
In a criminal case, any kind of criminal case, the court can set conditions of pretrial release. Or it can release the accused on their personal recognizance (meaning no conditions, just show up for court appearances.)
One condition of pretrial release the court can require is bail. And bail can be in the form of cash or a bond. Moreover, in Minnesota, we have the right to pretrial release on money only bail, or unconditional bail.
Unconditional Bail
In other words, we all have the presumption of innocence before a trial. So we have the right to pretrial release without any conditions other than money-bail. And understanding this helps you understand how to drop a no contact order.
For non-felony cases there is a maximum bail. (For felony cases, there is no maximum.)
The maximum bail for a non-felony case is four times the maximum fine. For a misdemeanor, $1,000 is the maximum fine; so the maximum bail is $4,000. And for a gross misdemeanor the maximum fine is $3,000; so maximum bail is $12,000.
Since we have the right to money-only bail, in a non-felony case the maximum bail must be without other conditions.
See our: How to Get Out of Jail After Arrest – Tips for Getting Her Out.
And, perhaps it’s no coincidence. But when judges set unconditional bail in non-felony cases, it’s equal to the maximum. That’s $4,000 in a misdemeanor cases and $12,000 in a gross misdemeanor case. And that could matter, since most domestic assault cases are non-felony.
Therefore, if the defendant posts the unconditional bail, a “no contact” cannot be a condition of pretrial release.
“Well, we can’t have that.”
But some people were not happy with that. So, several years ago Minnesota adopted a statute authorizing courts to issue a Domestic Abuse No Contact Order. That name is long, so we often use the acronym, DANCO.
The earlier Minnesota Domestic Abuse Act’s Order for Protection law was the model. The OFP is a civil remedy in family court. But an OFP has criminal penalties for violations.
They got you, either way
So, bottom line, a defendant can now post unconditional bail (no pretrial release conditions); but still be subject to a DANCO. Minnesota Statutes §629.75, Subdivision 1 (b), says in part:
“A domestic abuse no contact order is independent of any condition of pretrial release or probation imposed on the defendant. A domestic abuse no contact order may be issued in addition to a similar restriction imposed as a condition of pretrial release or probation.”
Minnesota Statutes §629.75, Subdivision 1 (b)
Perhaps a court will strike down the law as unconstitutional one day. But that is beyond the scope of this article. And this article is about what courts are doing now in Minnesota.
Two layers of no contact orders
It’s important to understand that in a criminal case there are typically two no-contact orders:
- One as a condition of pretrial release.
- The other as a DANCO.
The distinction is clear when we look at the remedy for a violation of each.
Pretrial Release Condition violation: If a defendant violates a condition of pretrial release; the court’s remedy is to issue an arrest warrant. Then after the defendant is in jail, the court revisits the issue of pretrial release in a new bail hearing.
DANCO violation: But a prosecutor can charge a DANCO violation as a new, additional crime.
The DANCO violation crime will have a different date of alleged offense (compared to the original criminal charge). There could be an arrest, jail, a bail hearing, on that new charge of violation of a DANCO. (The same act could be both a violation of a condition of pretrial release; and a criminal violation of a DANCO.)
So, as a result, when it comes to the No Contact condition of pretrial release; the defendant gets little benefit from the higher, unconditional bail.
Do courts ever drop a No Contact Order?
Yes, sometimes. But they make you work for it.
The reality is that the witness has no real voice unless they work hard and persevere.
So to drop a no contact order, it helps if she knows how to go about it. And she can retain a witness lawyer for help making sure that she will be heard.
Domestic violence cases, like many things, vary along a continuum. A few are horrific; but the vast majority are not. Just ask any police officer what the most common 911 response call is: “a domestic.”
In how many of these cases is alcohol a factor? Almost all. But the majority do not involve any physical harm or injury or minimal, like a slap, bruise or scratch.
In contrast, the harm caused by the criminal prosecution in response is typically massive, and disproportionate. But you already knew that, didn’t you?
Are You Afraid of Him?
The number one question when you go to court will be: “are you afraid of her?”
The prosecutor and judge will review the hearsay in the police reports, over and over. But people are not always the best historians when they are angry and drinking. (Discussing the events of the night in question is often not a good idea, though. So discuss with your lawyer before doing so.)
“when you go to court?”
Yes, they never asked you if you would allow them to issue a no-contact order; even though you are the witness.
And now they’ve placed the burden squarely on your shoulders to go to court. You will plead with the prosecutor, then the judge to drop a no contact order. It’s your only chance. (The prosecutor or their “advocate” may discourage you from coming to court to ask the No Contact Order be dropped. Because if you don’t come, it won’t get dropped.)
Prosecutors have “victim advocates.” Leaving aside the manipulative “victim” label, are they really advocates? Only a rare few are.
But most “victim advocates” see themselves as the prosecution advocate; whose job it is to control and manipulate “their” victim to serve the state. The few good ones actually listen. And the rare, best, will even fight for the witness’s position and truly advocate for it.
So which type will you get? Luck of the draw.
Your Rights under Minnesota’s Victim’s Right Act
Minnesota has a Victim’s Rights Act, Minnesota Chapter 611A. So one might think that prosecutors claiming to represent “victims” interests would use and cite this law often. But I’ve almost never heard it happen.
On the other hand, I have cited this law in many of my domestic assault defense cases. And I’ve cited it every time I’ve represented a witness. Why?
Because the law says that prosecutors and courts must listen to the “victim” and allow them a voice.
But many don’t seem to want to hear it. Many prosecutors just want to use the witness for their purposes. And prosecutors may disregard the effect on witness’s real lives.
The prosecutor can simply discard the witness after use, without thought or care.
Drop a No Contact Order
A witness can have a lawyer experienced in domestic violence cases. Your lawyer should know the courtroom, the players; and how to make sure your voice is heard.
We could write more on this. But hopefully this brief discussion has been useful for you.
It’s stressful to call police for help, only to have them take over your life. Then they and their prosecuting lawyers turn into an enemy that threatens to ruin you and your family.
But there are countermeasures. You can assert your power. So don’t let them have it.
You can fight back, and regain control over your life.
About the author
Thomas C. Gallagher is a Minnesota domestic violence defense lawyer with decades of experience with:
- Domestic assault and other domestic crime cases
- Minnesota restraining orders.
- Witness lawyer